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NexiumResearch DefinitionsGlossary
Some words have many meanings. A term will refer the reader to another definition only when the second definition gives additional information about a topic that is directly related to the first term.
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All Definitions A - Z
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Abdomen
Pronounced - AB-doh-men
The area between the chest and the hips. Contains the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen.
Accessory Digestive Organs
Pronounced - ak-SES-uh-ree dy-JES-tiv or-gunz
Organs that help with digestion but are not part of the digestive tract. These organs are the tongue, glands in the mouth that make saliva, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder.
Achalasia
Pronounced - AK-uh-LAYZ-ya
A rare disorder of the esophagus. The muscle at the end of the esophagus does not relax enough for the passage to open properly. Esophagus (Pronounced - eh-SAW-fuh-gus), also spelled oesophagus, is the organ that connects the mouth to the stomach. Also called gullet.
Achlorhydria
Pronounced - AY-klor-HY-dree-uh
A lack of hydrochloric acid in stomach juice.
Activated Charcoal
Pronounced - AK-tuh-vay-ted CHAR-kohl
An over-the-counter product that may help relieve intestinal gas.
Acute
Abrupt, sharp and brief
Adenocarcinoma
Pronounced - AD-in-o-kar-sin-O-ma
Cancer that begins in cells that line certain internal organs and that have glandular (secretory) properties.
Aerophagia
Pronounced - AIR-oh-FAY-jee-uh
A condition that occurs when a person swallows too much air. Causes gas and frequent belching.
Aetiological
Causing or contributing to the cause of a disease or condition.
Alactasia
Pronounced - ay-lak-TAYZ-ya
An inherited condition causing the lack of the enzyme needed to digest milk sugar.
Alagille Syndrome
Pronounced - al-uh-GEEL sin-drohm
A condition of babies in their first year. The bile ducts in the liver disappear, and the bile ducts outside the liver get very narrow. May lead to a buildup of bile in the liver and damage to liver cells and other organs.
Ameliorate
To make something better or become better, improve.
Amino Acid
Any of a class of 20 molecules that are combined to form proteins in living things. The sequence of amino acids in a protein and hence protein function are determined by the genetic code.
Amyloidosis
Proteins are important building blocks for all body parts, including muscles, bones, hair, and nails. Proteins circulate throughout the body in the blood and are normally harmless. Occasionally, cells produce abnormal proteins that can settle in body tissue, forming deposits and causing disease. When these deposits of abnormal proteins were first discovered, they were called amyloid, and the disease process amyloidosis.
In recent years, researchers have discovered that different kinds of proteins can form amyloid deposits and have identified several types of amyloidosis. Two of these types are closely related to kidney disease. In primary amyloidosis, abnormal protein production occurs as a first step and can lead to kidney disease. Dialysis related amyloidosis (DRA), on the other hand, is a result of kidney disease. More about Amyloidosis
Anemia
Pronounced - uh-NEE-mee-uh
Not enough red blood, red blood cells, or hemoglobin (Pronounced - HEE-muh-gloh-bin) in the body. Hemoglobin is a protein in the blood that contains iron.
Anti-Inflammatory
Pronounced - AN-tee-in-FLAM-uh-toh-ree
Preventing or reducing inflammation.
Antibody
Proteins made by the immune system that bind to structures (antigens) they recognize as foreign to the body.
Antigen
A structure foreign to the body, such as a virus. The body usually responds to antigens by producing antibodies.
Anus
Pronounced - AY-nus
The opening at the end of the digestive tract where bowel contents leave the body.
Apathy
A lack of emotion or interest, without feeling.
Appendix
Pronounced - uh-PEN-diks
A 4 inch pouch attached to the first part of the large intestine (cecum). No one knows what function the appendix has, if any.
Asthma
A chronic (lasting for a long period of time) respiratory disease, often arising from allergies, that is characterized by sudden recurring attacks of labored breathing, chest constriction, and coughing.
Asymptomatic
Presenting no symptoms of disease.
Ataxia
A condition in which the muscles fail to function in a coordinated manner. More about Ataxia
Autoimmune Disease
A disease in which the body's defense system malfunctions and attacks a part of the body itself rather than foreign matter.
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Nexium - Esomeprazole
Aciphex - Rabeprazole
Prevacid - Lansoprazole
Prilosec - Omeprazole
Prilosec OCT
Protonix - Pantoprazole
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