Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis

What are the Causes of Diverticular Disease

Although not proven, the dominant theory is that a low fiber diet is the main cause of diverticular disease. The disease was first noticed in the United States in the early 1900s. At about the same time, processed foods were introduced into the American diet. Many processed foods contain refined, low fiber flour. Unlike whole wheat flour, refined flour has no wheat bran.

Diverticular disease is common in developed or industrialized countries, particularly the United States, England, and Australia where low fiber diets are common. The disease is rare in countries of Asia and Africa, where people eat high fiber vegetable diets.

Fiber is the part of fruits, vegetables, and grains that the body cannot digest. Some fiber dissolves easily in water (soluble fiber). It takes on a soft, jelly like texture in the intestines. Some fiber passes almost unchanged through the intestines (insoluble fiber). Both kinds of fiber help make stools soft and easy to pass. Fiber also prevents constipation.

Constipation makes the muscles strain to move stool that is too hard. It is the main cause of increased pressure in the colon. This excess pressure might cause the weak spots in the colon to bulge out and become diverticula.

Diverticulitis occurs when diverticula become infected or inflamed. Doctors are not certain what causes the infection. It may begin when stool or bacteria are caught in the diverticula. An attack of diverticulitis can develop suddenly and without warning.

How is Diverticular Disease Diagnosed?

To diagnose diverticular disease, the doctor asks about medical history, does a physical exam, and may perform one or more diagnostic tests. Because most people do not have symptoms, diverticulosis is often found through tests ordered for another ailment.

When taking a medical history, the doctor may ask about bowel habits, symptoms, pain, diet, and medications. The physical exam usually involves a digital rectal exam. To perform this test, the doctor inserts a gloved, lubricated finger into the rectum to detect tenderness, blockage, or blood. The doctor may check stool for signs of bleeding and test blood for signs of infection. The doctor may also order x rays or other tests.

What are Diverticulosis and Diverticulitis and What are the Symptoms and Complications
What are the Causes and How is Diverticular Disease Diagnosed?
What is the Treatment for Diverticular Disease
When is Surgery Necessary?
Recap & For More Information

References:
National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC) - NIH Publication No. 07-1163 - October 2006 - digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/diverticulosis/index.htm

This summary is a general overview about the topic discussed and does not include all the facts, or include everything there is to know about any medicine and/or products mentioned. Do not use any medicine and/or products without first talking to your doctor. Possible side effects of medications, other than those listed, may occur. Other brand names or generic forms of this medicine may also be available. If you have questions or concerns, or want more information, your doctor or pharmacist has the complete prescribing information about this medicine and possible drug interactions. Full Disclaimer