X Chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes, X and Y.

Sex chromosomes are the X or Y chromosome in human beings that determines the sex of an individual.

In humans, each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46. Twenty two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. Females have two X chromosomes in diploid cells, and males have an X and a Y chromosome. Diploid is a full set of genetic material consisting of paired chromosomes, one from each parental set. Most animal cells except the gametes have a diploid set of chromosomes.

In the image on the right, the 22 autosomes are numbered by size. The other two chromosomes, X and Y, are the sex chromosomes. Human chromosomes lined up in pairs is called a karyotype. Karyotype is a photomicrograph of an individual’s chromosomes arranged in a standard format showing the number, size, and shape of each chromosome type; used in low-resolution physical mapping to correlate gross chromosomal abnormalities with the characteristics of specific diseases.